Comparing Water Heater Options
Remodels often add fixtures or free up space, which makes them a natural time to replace an aging water heater. Water heater options include gas or electric tanks, tankless units and heat pump water heaters. Each differs in space needs, venting, electrical demands and operating cost.
ENERGY STAR provides overviews of water heater types and heat pump water heaters.
Tank Water Heaters
Tanks store hot water and are familiar. They come in gas and electric versions. However, standby losses occur as stored water cools.
Tankless Units
Tankless units heat water on demand. They save space but may need larger gas lines or electrical service. Also, flow rate limits how many fixtures run at once.
Water Heater Options With Heat Pumps
Heat pump water heaters move heat from surrounding air into the water. They use less energy than standard electric tanks, according to ENERGY STAR. However, they need space and airflow around them.
- Gas tank
- Electric tank
- Tankless gas or electric
- Heat pump water heater
Space and Location
Heat pump units need room and air, while tankless units mount on walls. So consider where the unit will go. Garages often work for heat pump models.
Capacity Planning
Count bathrooms, showers and appliances. Then size the unit to peak demand. The article on adding a bathroom explains how new fixtures change needs.
Permits
Water heater replacement appears on the City of Sacramento minor permit list. Energy forms may also apply. The article on title 24 remodeling explains.
Water Heater Options and Rebates
Rebates may apply to heat pump models. The article on SMUD rebates explains where to check.
Electrical Capacity
Switching from gas to electric may need a new circuit. The article on electrical panel assessment covers capacity.
Water Heater Options for Small Spaces
Tight closets limit choices. For example, heat pump models need more space and air than tankless units. So measure the available area and check maker requirements.
Also consider moving the water heater to a garage if space inside is tight. Because moving it changes plumbing, compare the costs before deciding.
Venting and Combustion Air
Gas units need venting and combustion air. However, electric models do not. So switching fuel can change what the space needs. Also, removing a gas unit may leave an unused vent to seal.
Choosing
Compare space, power, cost and rebates. Weighing water heater options during a remodel avoids rushed replacement after a failure.